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Our blog discussing workplace safety opportunities in Nova Scotia and around the world.


13 Factors: Fostering a mentally healthy workplace

“I care about the psychological safety of my team, but I’m not sure what to do to protect them.” We’re hearing statements like that often. Especially as workplace leaders learn that gradual onset psychological injuries will soon become compensable.

In the first blog of our Safety and Health Week series, we shared a lot of resources to help employers get the lay of the land, in what for many, is brand-new territory. Like anything new, it can all seem a little overwhelming. But once you dig in a bit, you’ll find that much like preventing physical injuries, a lot of it comes down to common sense.

For instance, to address workplace psychological safety, you have to know what factors can impact your team, both positively and negatively. It doesn’t get much more common sense than that. And there is a developed a pretty handy tool to help.

The 13 factors

The 13 factors of psychosocial health and safety were developed by the Canadian Standards Association (CSA). They’ve been adopted by the Mental Health Commission of Canada and Guarding Minds @ Work. Once you start exploring them, you’ll begin to recognize patterns, both good and bad, from your own workplace.

Which is why it’s so important to dig in. And, as per Guiding Minds, When employees are psychologically protected, they demonstrate greater job satisfaction, enhanced team learning behaviour, and improved performance.” That’s all good news!

Rather watch a video than read about this stuff?  With you in mind, The Mental Health Commission of Canada created an explainer video series outlining each of the 13 Factors.

Can’t wait to start? Below, we’ve compiled a bit of a “Cole’s Notes” breakdown of the factors to get you going right away.

Be sure to check back often—we’re always adding new content to help keep Nova Scotia’s workers safe—both physically and psychologically.

1: Organizational culture

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Organizational culture is the degree to which a work environment is characterized by trust, honesty, and fairness.                                                 

In action 

  • The feeling of community among workers in the workplace
  • Connection with workers and values within the workplace
  • Contributions embraced; respect shown for ideas, opinions
  • Systems in place to effectively address difficult situations 
  • Trust between management and non-management workers

2: Psychological and social support 

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Psychological and social support is demonstrated by an environment that is supportive of and appropriately responsive to workers’ psychological and mental health concern.

In action

  • Workplace programs that support workers’ psychological and mental health are in place
  • The stigma associated with mental health is addressed, eliminated
  • Processes are in place to intervene if a worker looks distressed while at work
  • Return-to-work programs include supporting workers returning to work from a mental health condition

3: Clear leadership and expectations 

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Clear leadership and expectations are effective leadership and support that help workers know what to do, how their work contributes to the workplace, and whether impending changes exist.

In action

  • Clear operations - workers know what they are expected to do
  • Leadership in the workplace is supported by clearly defined roles
  • Effective, timely communication of important workplace changes
  • Directors, managers, and supervisors are trained on how to provide helpful feedback to workers on their work performance
  • The workplace provides clear, effective communication

4: Civility and respect 

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An environment of civility and respect is one where interactions are respectful and considerate.

In action

  • The workplace is one where all workers treat each other with respect and consideration
  • Workers from all backgrounds, departments and services are treated professionally, equitably, and fairly in the workplace
  • The workplace has an effective, consistent process for addressing in appropriate behaviour by customers or clients

5: Psychological demands 

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Psychological demands address the ‘fit’ between work requirements and workers’ interpersonal and emotional competencies.  

In action

  • Assesses demand and job control issues such as physical and psychological job demands on the worker
  • Assesses the level of job control and autonomy afforded to workers
  • Values worker input, particularly during periods of organizational and operational change
  • Seeks and values workers’ input, particularly in how work is done

6: Growth and development 

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Growth and development are encouraged and supported to develop workers’ interpersonal, emotional, and job skills.

In action

  • Workers receive feedback that helps them grow and develop
  • Directors, managers, and supervisors are open to a worker’s ideas for taking on new opportunities and challenges
  • Workers have opportunities to advance within their workplace
  • The workplace values the workers’ ongoing growth and development
  • Workers have the opportunity to develop their "people skills” at work

7: Recognition and reward 

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Recognition and reward include appropriate acknowledgement and appreciation of workers’ efforts in a fair and timely manner.                                              

In action

  • Those in management show appreciation for the work of the workers they supervise          
  • Workers are paid fairly for the work they do
  • The workplace:
    • appreciates efforts made by workers
    • celebrates shared accomplishments
    • values workers’ commitment and passion for their work

8: Involvement and influence 

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Involvement and Influence address workers' inclusion in discussions about how their work is done and how important decisions are made for the workplace.

In action

  • Workers are free to talk about how their work is done with whom they report to (e.g. immediate supervisor, manager, director, CEO)
  • Workers have some control over how they organize their work
  • Workers’ opinions and suggestions about their work are considered
  • Workers are told about changes that may/will impact their work 
  • The workplace encourages input from all workers on important decisions related to their work

9: Workload management 

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Workload management is about accomplishing tasks and responsibilities within the time available.

In action

  • The amount of work that workers are expected to do is reasonable for their positions
  • Workers have the equipment and resources needed to do their jobs well
  • Workers are free to talk about the amount of work they have with who they report to (e.g. immediate manager, director, CEO)
  • Workers have an appropriate level of control over prioritizing tasks and responsibilities when they are facing multiple demands

10: Engagement

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Engagement is where workers feel connected to their work and are motivated to do their job well.

In action

  • Workers enjoy their job
  • Workers are willing to give extra effort at work if needed
  • Workers describe work as an important part of who they are
  • Workers are committed to the success of the organization
  • Workers are proud of the work they do

11: Balance

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Balance is where there is recognition of the need for balance between work, family, and personal life demands.

In action

  • The workplace encourages workers to take their entitled breaks
  • Workers can reasonably meet the demands of their work and their personal lives
  • The workplace actively and intentionally promotes life-work balance
  • Workers can talk to the person they report to when they feel they’re having trouble maintaining a balance between their life and their work

12: Psychological protection 

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Psychological protection is where psychological safety is ensured—where workers feel able to ask questions, seek feedback, report mistakes and problems, or propose ideas without fear of negative consequences

In action

  • The workplace is committed to minimizing unnecessary stress at work
  • Those in management care about the emotional well-being of the workers who report to them 
  • The workplace has measures in place to prevent harm to workers from harassment, bullying, discrimination, violence, or stigma
  • The workplace immediately and effectively deals with situations that can threaten or harm workers.

13: Protection of physical safety 

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Protection of physical safety is where appropriate action is taken to protect the physical safety of workers.

In action

  • The workplace demonstrates care for how the physical work environment impacts workers’ mental health
  • Workers feel safe about the physical work environment
  • Workers have the equipment and resources needed to work safely
  • The way work is scheduled allows for reasonable rest periods
  • All health and safety concerns are taken seriously and responded to
  • Workers feel free to refuse work they believe is unsafe  




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